TRANSLATION CLASS E (KIBIANS)

Dear Echoans,
Please translate this article into Indonesian.

Women’s Rights

Women’s rights around the world are an important indicator of understanding global well-being. Many may think that women’s rights are only an issue in countries where religion is law, such as many Muslim countries. Or even worse, some may think this is no longer an issue at all. But reading this report about the United Nation’s Women’s Treaty and how an increasing number of countries are lodging reservations, will show otherwise.
A report from Human Rights Watch also describes how women’s rights have not been observed in some countries as much as expected; in some places claims are made that women’s rights will be respected more, yet policies are sometimes not changed enough—or at all—thus still undermining the rights of women.
In some patriarchal societies, religion or tradition can be used as a barrier for equal rights. For example, as Inter Press Service reported, the Bangladesh government tried to hide behind laws to deny women equal rights. In Pakistan for example, honor killings directed at women have been carried for even the slightest reasons.

(http://www.globalissues.org/article/166/womens-rights)

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Translation Class D (KIBIANS)

Dear Deltans,
Please translate this article into Indonesian.

Balibo Case to Drop

Indonesia wants Australia to drop a criminal investigation into the death of five journalists in 1975. Jakarta says the investigation could seriously harm relations between Indonesia, Australia and East Timor.
The investigation into the “Balibo Five” is to get behind the truth of the deaths of two Australian, one New Zealand and two British journalists during an Indonesian operation in East Timor. The probe comes just weeks after the release of a film on the deaths of the journalists.
Jakarta says the five simply got caught in the cross fire, but recently there have been more and more indications that they were killed intentionally by Indonesian troops. Although Indonesia accepted responsibility for human rights violations after the publication of a report by the joint Truth and Friendship Commission last year, Amnesty International says no-one has ever been prosecuted for the violence that took place during Indonesian invasion of East Timor.
President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono stresses that relations between Indonesia and Australia have vastly improved recently and he does not want the relatively new friendship to be put at risk.

(http://www.rnw.nl/english/article/indonesia-urges-australia-drop-balibo-case)

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Translation Class C (KIBIANS)

Dear Charlians
Please translate this article into Indonesian.

Asymmetric warfare and terrorism
There are two different viewpoints on the relationship between asymmetric warfare and terrorism. In the modern context, asymmetric warfare is increasingly considered a component of fourth generation warfare. When practiced outside the laws of war, it is often defined as terrorism, though rarely by its practitioners or their supporters.[5]
The other view is that asymmetric warfare does not coincide with terrorism. For example, in an asymmetric conflict, the dominant side, normally as part of a propaganda campaign, can accuse the weaker side of being bandits, pillagers or terrorists. Others argue that asymmetric warfare is called “terrorism” by those wishing to exploit the negative connotations of the word and bring the political aims of the weaker opponents into question. A problem associated with such a view is that the distinction between a terrorist and a freedom fighter is not clear cut. An example of this is over Kashmir: the Pakistanis claim that a war of freedom for the Kashmiris is being fought with the Indians, who in turn, label them as terrorists. The Iraqi insurgency is similarly labeled as terrorism by its opponents and resistance by its supporters.[6]. Similarly the use of terror by the much lesser Mongol forces in the creation and control of the Mongol empire could be viewed as asymmetric warfare. The other is the use of state terrorism by the superior Nazi forces in the Balkans, in an attempt to suppress the resistance movement.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Asymmetric_warfare )

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Translation Class B (KIBIANS)

Dear Bravians
Please translate this article into Indonesian.
Urban Operation
Urban military operations in World War II often relied on large quantities of artillery fire and air support varying from ground attack fighters to heavy bombers. In some particularly vicious urban warfare operations such as Stalingrad and Warsaw, all weapons were used irrespective of their consequences.
However, when liberating occupied territory some restraint was often applied, particularly in urban settings. For example, Canadian operations in both Ortona and Groningen avoided the use of artillery altogether to spare civilians and buildings.[3][4]
Armies are bound by laws of war governing military necessity to the amount of force which can be applied when attacking an area where there are known to be civilians. Until the 1970s this was covered by customary law and IV Hague Convention “The Laws and Customs of War on Land” of 1907 and specifically articles 25-29. This has since been supplemented by the “Additional Protocols to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International and Non-International Armed Conflicts”.
Sometimes distinction and proportionality, as in the case of the Canadians in Ortona causes the attacking force to restrain from using all the force they could when attacking a city. In other cases, such as the Battle of Stalingrad and the Battle of Berlin, both armies considered evacuating civilians only to find it impractical.[5]
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_warfare )
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Your work should be submitted NLT 18 September 2009 at 15.00 Hrs
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